Frank Vitrano
e4a3b2c28f
Updated README.md to provide detailed project information and instructions.
208 lines
7.1 KiB
Markdown
208 lines
7.1 KiB
Markdown
<h1 align="center">py-blog</h1>
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<p align="center">
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<em>像写一份课程作业那样，搭一个属于自己的博客。</em><br/>
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<em>Build your own blog the way you'd hand in a class project.</em>
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</p>
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<p align="center">
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<a href="#中文文档">中文</a> · <a href="#english">English</a>
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</p>
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---
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## 中文文档
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### 为什么要再造一个博客
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市面上的博客产品越来越像「企业级 CMS」：装一堆插件、配一套主题、改一坨 YAML，
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最后才能写下第一行字。对一个**刚入门的同学**来说，这个过程不是在写博客，
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是在向所有人宣告自己「不会用」。
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但是新手**也有**写博客的需求：
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- 想把课程笔记整理出来；
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- 想把第一份小作品挂到自己的域名下；
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- 想拥有一个写得不漂亮、但完全属于自己的角落。
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`py-blog` 就是为这种需求做的。
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### 核心理念：像项目作业一样构建博客
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- **一个 `blog.py` 文件**就是整个项目，没有 `src/`，没有十层目录。
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- 看得懂 Python 基本语法，就看得懂这个博客；想改首页样式，直接搜模板字符串。
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- 部署像交作业：装依赖、跑脚本、看终端输出 —— 没有 Webpack，没有 Node。
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### 功能一览
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- 单文件 Python：FastAPI + SQLite + Jinja2，**一份脚本即一个站点**。
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- Markdown 写作：上传 `.md` 即可，**保存时预渲染**为 HTML 缓存，访问零开销。
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- 数学公式：内置 KaTeX，支持 `$...$` / `$$...$$` / `\(...\)` / `\[...\]`。
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- 图片走图床：正文里用外链 URL，省去本地存储与备份烦恼。
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- 树形分组：按目录组织文章，同级按字典序，文章可按时间或手动顺序排列。
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- 单管理员后台：密码登录、CSRF、Session，够用且不繁琐。
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- 备案号挂载：`BLOG_ICP_TEXT` / `BLOG_ICP_URL` 环境变量直接生效，国内合规。
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- 反代友好：默认监听 `127.0.0.1:8765`，套 Nginx 即可上 HTTPS。
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### 30 秒上手
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```bash
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git clone https://github.com/WHC2006/py-blog.git
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cd py-blog
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pip install -r requirements.txt
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python blog.py
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```
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打开 <http://127.0.0.1:8765>，登录入口在 `/admin/login`。
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若没设置 `BLOG_ADMIN_PASSWORD`，**首次启动会在终端打印一次随机密码**，请立刻收好。
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### 环境变量
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| 变量 | 默认 | 说明 |
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| --- | --- | --- |
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| `BLOG_HOST` | `127.0.0.1` | 监听地址，建议保持本机由 Nginx 反代 |
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| `BLOG_PORT` | `8765` | 监听端口 |
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| `BLOG_DATA_DIR` | `data` | SQLite 与运行数据目录 |
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| `BLOG_SITE_TITLE` | — | 站点标题 |
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| `BLOG_ADMIN_PASSWORD` | — | 管理员密码；未设置则首次启动随机生成并打印 |
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| `BLOG_SECRET_KEY` | — | Session 签名密钥；未设置则自动生成并持久化 |
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| `BLOG_ICP_TEXT` | — | 页脚备案文案，例如 `京ICP备xxxxxx号-1` |
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| `BLOG_ICP_URL` | — | 备案查询链接，例如 `https://beian.miit.gov.cn/` |
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### Nginx 反代示例
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```nginx
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server {
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listen 443 ssl http2;
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server_name your.domain.com;
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# ssl_certificate ...;
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# ssl_certificate_key ...;
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large_client_header_buffers 8 16k;
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location / {
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proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8765;
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proxy_http_version 1.1;
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
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}
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}
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```
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> 若使用 EdgeOne / WAF，请为 `/admin/*` 添加放行规则，避免登录 POST 被拦截。
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### 不打算做的事
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- 不内置富文本编辑器：写 Markdown 用你顺手的本地编辑器即可。
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- 不内置评论系统：需要时挂 Giscus / Disqus / Waline。
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- 不做主题市场：想换样式直接改模板字符串，**这才像做作业**。
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### 协议
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MIT。随便用，写得不好别骂得太狠。
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---
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## English
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### Why another blog
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Most blog platforms today feel like enterprise CMSs: plugins, themes,
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YAML configs and a build pipeline before you can write a single sentence.
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For a **beginner**, that whole process isn't writing a blog —
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it's announcing to the world that you can't use one.
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But beginners also deserve a blog:
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- to publish their class notes;
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- to put their very first project under their own domain;
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- to own a small, imperfect corner of the internet.
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`py-blog` is built for that.
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### Core idea: build a blog like a class project
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- One file: `blog.py` **is** the whole project. No `src/`, no ten-level tree.
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- If you can read basic Python, you can read this blog. Want to tweak the
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homepage? Search the template strings inline.
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- Deploying feels like submitting homework: install deps, run the script,
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read the terminal. No Webpack, no Node, no incantations.
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### Features
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- Single-file Python: FastAPI + SQLite + Jinja2 — **one script, one site**.
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- Markdown-first: upload `.md` files; HTML is **pre-rendered on save**.
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- Math: KaTeX out of the box (`$...$`, `$$...$$`, `\(...\)`, `\[...\]`).
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- Images via external CDN (image hosts) — no local upload/backup hassle.
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- Tree-structured categories; siblings sorted A→Z; articles sorted by
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time or by a manual `display_order`.
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- Single-admin panel: password login, CSRF, sessions. Enough, not more.
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- Built-in ICP footer (`BLOG_ICP_TEXT` / `BLOG_ICP_URL`) for hosting in China.
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- Reverse-proxy friendly: binds to `127.0.0.1:8765` by default; put Nginx
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in front for HTTPS.
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### Quick start
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```bash
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git clone https://github.com/WHC2006/py-blog.git
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cd py-blog
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pip install -r requirements.txt
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python blog.py
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```
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Open <http://127.0.0.1:8765>. Admin login lives at `/admin/login`.
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If `BLOG_ADMIN_PASSWORD` is unset, **a random password is printed once** to
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the terminal on first boot — copy it immediately.
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### Environment variables
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| Variable | Default | Description |
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| --- | --- | --- |
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| `BLOG_HOST` | `127.0.0.1` | Bind address; keep local and front with Nginx |
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| `BLOG_PORT` | `8765` | Bind port |
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| `BLOG_DATA_DIR` | `data` | Data directory (SQLite, etc.) |
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| `BLOG_SITE_TITLE` | — | Site title |
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| `BLOG_ADMIN_PASSWORD` | — | Admin password; auto-generated on first boot if unset |
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| `BLOG_SECRET_KEY` | — | Session signing key; auto-generated and persisted if unset |
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| `BLOG_ICP_TEXT` | — | Footer ICP text (China hosting) |
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| `BLOG_ICP_URL` | — | Footer ICP link |
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### Nginx reverse proxy
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```nginx
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server {
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listen 443 ssl http2;
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server_name your.domain.com;
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# ssl_certificate ...;
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# ssl_certificate_key ...;
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large_client_header_buffers 8 16k;
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location / {
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proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8765;
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proxy_http_version 1.1;
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proxy_set_header Host $host;
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proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
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proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
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}
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}
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```
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> If you sit behind EdgeOne / a WAF, whitelist `/admin/*` so the login
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> POST isn't silently dropped.
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### Non-goals
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- No bundled rich-text editor — use your favourite Markdown editor locally.
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- No bundled comment system — drop in Giscus / Disqus / Waline if needed.
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- No theme marketplace — edit the template strings; that's the whole point.
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### License
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MIT. Use it freely; be gentle when judging the code.
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